Joe Biden

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For criticism see Criticism of Joe_Biden
“Biden” redirects here. For other uses, see Biden (disambiguation).
Joseph R. Biden, Jr.
Joe Biden

Incumbent
Assumed office 
January 3, 1973
Serving with [[Tom Carper]]
Preceded by J. Caleb Boggs
Born November 20 1942
Scranton, Pennsylvania
Political party Democratic
Spouse Neilia Hunter (deceased)
Jill Tracy Jacobs
Residence Wilmington, Delaware
Alma mater University of Delaware
Syracuse University
Profession Lawyer, Politician
Religion Roman Catholic
Website Joe Biden

Joseph Robinette Biden, Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is the senior United States senator from Delaware, and the presumptive Democratic Party vice presidential nominee in the 2008 presidential election. Biden was announced as the running mate of presumptive presidential nominee Barack Obama on August 23, 2008.[1]

Currently in his sixth term in the Senate, Biden has served for the sixth-longest period among current senators (fourth among Democrats) and is Delaware's longest-serving senator. He is the chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee in the 110th Congress. Biden has served in that position in the past, and he has served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee.

Biden unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party's presidential nomination in 1988.[2] He again ran in 2008, but withdrew after the caucuses in Iowa on January 3, 2008. Obama announced Biden as his running mate two days before the beginning of the 2008 Democratic National Convention, where the nominations of Obama and Biden are expected to be ratified.

If elected, Biden would be the first Roman Catholic vice president and the first vice president from Delaware.

Contents

Biography

Early life and family

Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, the son of Joseph R. Biden, Sr. and Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Finnegan.[3][4] He was the first of four siblings[4] and is of Irish Catholic heritage. He has two brothers, James Brian Biden and Francis W. Biden, and a sister, Valerie (Biden) Owens.[5] The Biden family moved to Claymont, Delaware when Biden was 10 years old,[4] and he grew up in suburban New Castle County, Delaware, where his father was a car salesman. In 1961, Biden graduated from Archmere Academy in Claymont, Delaware[4] and, in 1965, from the University of Delaware in Newark,[6] where he double majored in history and political science.[4] He went on to receive his Juris Doctor (J.D.) from Syracuse University College of Law in 1968, and was admitted to the Delaware Bar in 1969.[6][7]

In 1966, while in law school, Biden married Neilia Hunter. They had three children, Joseph R. "Beau" Biden III, Robert Hunter, and Naomi. His wife and infant daughter died in a car accident shortly after he was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 1972. His two young sons, Beau and Hunter, were seriously injured in the accident, but both eventually made full recoveries. Biden was sworn into office from their bedside. Persuaded not to resign in order to care for them, Biden began the practice of commuting an hour and a half each day on the train from his home in the Wilmington suburbs to Washington, DC, which he continues to do.

In 1977, Biden married Jill Tracy Jacobs. They have one daughter, Ashley, and are members of the Roman Catholic Church. In February 1988, after suffering from neck pains, Biden was hospitalized and underwent lifesaving surgery to correct two brain aneurysms, one of which began leaking.[8] The hospitalization and recovery kept him from the Senate for seven months.

Biden's elder son, Beau, was a partner in the Wilmington law firm of Bifferato, Gentilotti, Biden & Balick, LLC and was elected Attorney General of Delaware in 2006. He is a captain in the Delaware Army National Guard, where he serves in the Judge Advocate General's (JAG) Corps. He is set to be deployed to Iraq in October, 2008.[9] Biden's younger son, Hunter, works as a lawyer in Washington, D.C., serves on the board of directors of Amtrak, and previously worked in the Commerce Department.

Since 1991, Biden has also served as an adjunct professor at the Widener University School of Law, where he teaches a seminar on constitutional law.

United States Senator

In 1969, Biden began practicing law in Wilmington, Delaware, and was soon elected to the New Castle County, County Council, where he served from 1970 to 1972.[6]

The 1972 U.S. Senate election presented Biden with a unique opportunity. Popular Republican incumbent Senator J. Caleb Boggs was considering retirement, which would likely have left U.S. Representative Pete du Pont and Wilmington Mayor Harry G. Haskell, Jr. in a divisive primary fight. To avoid that, U.S. President Richard M. Nixon was invited to a meeting to convince Boggs to run again with full Republican support. Boggs ran, but Biden eventually won.[10]

Biden took office on January 3, 1973, at age 30, becoming the fifth-youngest U.S. Senator in United States history. At age 30, Biden was at the minimum age to become a U.S. Senator. He has since won additional terms easily, defeating James H. Baxter, Jr. in 1978, John M. Burris in 1984, M. Jane Brady in 1990, and Raymond J. Clatworthy in 1996 and 2002, usually with about 60% of the vote. He is now the longest-serving U.S. Senator in Delaware history. He was running for re-election as senator in 2008.

In 1974, then-freshman Senator Biden was named one of the 200 Faces for the Future by Time magazine.[11]

110th Congress

Biden serves on the following committees in the 110th U.S. Congress[12]

Judiciary Committee

Biden is a long-time member of the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary, which he chaired from 1987 until 1995 and served as ranking minority member from 1981 until 1987 and again from 1995 until 1997. In this capacity, he dealt with issues related to drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties. While chairman, Biden presided over two of the most contentious Supreme Court confirmation hearings: Robert Bork in 1987 and Clarence Thomas in 1991.[13]

Biden has been involved in crafting many federal crime laws over the last decade, including the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, also known as the Biden Crime Law. He also authored the landmark Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (VAWA), which contains a broad array of measures to combat domestic violence and provides billions of dollars in federal funds to address gender-based crimes. In 2000, the Supreme Court ruled that the section of VAWA allowing a federal civil remedy for victims of gender-motivated violence exceeded Congress' authority and therefore was unconstitutional.[14] Congress reauthorized VAWA in 2000 and 2005.[15][16] In March 2004, Biden enlisted major American technology companies in diagnosing the problems of the Austin, Texas-based National Domestic Violence Hotline, and to donate equipment and expertise to it.[17][13]

As chairman of the International Narcotics Control Caucus, Biden wrote the laws that created the nation's "Drug Czar," who oversees and coordinates national drug control policy. In April 2003 he introduced the controversial Reducing Americans' Vulnerability to Ecstasy Act, also known as the RAVE Act. He continues to work to stop the spread of "date rape drugs" such as Rohypnol, and drugs such as Ecstasy and Ketamine. In 2004 he worked to pass a bill outlawing steroids like androstenedione, the drug used by many baseball players.[13]

Biden's legislation to promote college aid and loan programs allows families to deduct on their annual income tax returns up to $10,000 per year in higher education expenses. His "Kids 2000" legislation established a public/private partnership to provide computer centers, teachers, Internet access, and technical training to young people, particularly to low-income and at-risk youth.[18]

Foreign Relations Committee

Biden is also a long-time member and current chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. In 1997, he became the ranking minority member and chaired the committee from June 2001 through 2003. When Democrats re-took control of the Senate following the 2006 elections, Biden again assumed the top spot on the committee in 2007. His efforts to combat hostilities in the Balkans in the 1990s brought national attention and influenced presidential policy: traveling repeatedly to the region, he made one meeting famous by calling Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic a "war criminal." He consistently argued for lifting the arms embargo, training Bosnian Muslims, investigating war crimes and administering NATO air strikes. Biden's subsequent "lift and strike" resolution was instrumental in convincing President Bill Clinton to use military force in the face of systematic human rights violations.[19] Biden has also called on Libya to release political prisoner Fathi Eljahmi.[20]

Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, Biden was supportive of the Bush administration's efforts, calling for additional ground troops in Afghanistan and agreeing that Saddam Hussein was a threat that needed to be dealt with. The Bush administration rejected an effort Biden undertook with Senator Richard Lugar to pass a resolution authorizing military action only after the exhaustion of diplomatic efforts. In October 2002, Biden voted for the final resolution to support the War in Iraq. He has long supported the appropriations to pay for the occupation, but has argued repeatedly that more soldiers are needed, the war should be internationalized, and the Bush administration should "level with the American people" about the cost and length of the conflict.[21]

In November 2006, Biden and Leslie Gelb, President Emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations, released a comprehensive strategy to end sectarian violence in Iraq. Rather than continuing the present approach or withdrawing, the plan calls for "a third way": federalizing Iraq and giving Kurds, Shiites, and Sunnis "breathing room" in their own regions.[22]

Presidential campaigns

Biden has twice run for the Democratic nomination for President, first in 1988, and again in 2008. Both times he was unsuccessful.

In 2003, Biden considered joining the Democratic field of candidates for the 2004 presidential race but decided otherwise, saying he did not have enough time to cultivate a sufficient fundraising base. Some thought Biden a possible running mate for presidential candidate John Kerry, but Biden urged Kerry to select Republican Senator John McCain instead.[23] Biden also had been widely discussed as a possible Secretary of State in a Democratic administration.[24]

1988

Main article: Joe Biden presidential campaign, 1988

In 1987, Joe Biden ran as a Democratic presidential candidate, formally declaring his candidacy at the Wilmington train station on June 9, 1987. In his speech, he challenged Americans to step beyond the materialism of the Reagan years. When the campaign began, Biden was considered a potentially strong candidate because of his moderate image, his supposed appeal to Baby Boomers, his fundraising appeal[25] (Biden raised $1.7 million in the first quarter of 1987, more than any other candidate, including then-front runner Gary Hart), his high-profile position as chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee during the Robert Bork confirmation hearings, and his oratorical ability. Biden often seemed to try to inspire the same hope and idealism associated with 1960s liberals such as Robert F. Kennedy, especially as related to civil rights. He received considerable attention in the summer of 1986 when he excoriated Secretary of State George Shultz at a Senate hearing because of the Reagan administration's support of South Africa, which continued to support a system of apartheid. By August 1987, however, Biden's campaign had already begun to lag behind those of Michael Dukakis and Richard Gephardt.[25]

He was forced to withdraw from the race for president after revelations of plagairism. (See CPOV article)

2008

Main article: Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008

Biden declared his candidacy for president on January 31, 2007, although he had discussed running for months prior.[26]

It had been speculated that Biden would accept the position of Secretary of State because of his foreign policy experience and credentials.[27] However, Biden has rejected the notion outright, saying "Under no administration will I accept the job of Secretary of State" and claimed to be focused only on the presidency. At a 2007 campaign event, Biden said, "I know a lot of my opponents out there say I'd be a great Secretary of State. Seriously, every one of them. Do you watch any of the debates? 'Joe's right, Joe's right, Joe's right.'"[28] Other candidates commenting that "Joe is right" in the Democratic debates was converted into a Biden campaign theme and ad.[29]

Biden was noted for his one-liners on the campaign trail, saying of then-Republican frontrunner Rudy Giuliani at the October 30, 2007, debate in Philadelphia, "There's only three things he mentions in a sentence: a noun, and a verb and 9/11."[30]

On January 3, 2008, during the Iowa caucuses, Biden announced that he would be dropping out of the presidential race when over half of the precincts were tallied in which he only captured 1% of Iowa's delegates behind Barack Obama, John Edwards, Hillary Clinton, and Bill Richardson. He was running instead for a seventh Senate term when, in late August, he was picked by Obama to be his running mate.

2008 Democratic vice-presidential nomination

Main articles: Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008 and Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential candidates, 2008

In a June 22, 2008, interview on NBC's Meet the Press, Biden confirmed that he would accept the vice presidential nomination if offered.[31] The Associated Press reported on August 22, 2008 that Biden had been chosen by Barack Obama to be his running mate, citing anonymous Democratic Party sources. The choice was confirmed via text message at 3 AM EST on August 23, and Obama's official campaign website confirmed the selection shortly thereafter.[32] The New York Times reported that the strategy behind the choice reflected a desire to fill out the ticket with someone who has foreign policy and national security experience—and not to help the ticket win a swing state or to emphasize Obama's change message.[33] Polling in the days leading up to the announcement indicated Biden's presence on the ticket was unlikely to affect whether voters would support Obama.[34] Biden is up for re-election to the Senate this year and would presumably run in both races. If he won both, he could resign from the Senate and Delaware's Democratic governor, Ruth Ann Minner, would appoint someone else to serve the first two years of his term, possibly his son, Beau Biden.[35]

Political positions

Main article: Political positions of Joe Biden

Biden is considered moderate liberal, with a 77.5 percent liberal voting record in 2006 and lifetime score of 76.8 percent, according to a Washington Post analysis.[36]

Almanac

Public Offices
Office Type Location Elected Term began Term ends notes
County Council Legislature Wilmington 1970 January 4, 1971 January 3, 1973 4th District
U.S. Senator Legislature Washington, DC 1972 January 3, 1973 January 3, 1979
U.S. Senator Legislature Washington, DC 1978 January 3, 1979 January 3, 1985
U.S. Senator Legislature Washington, DC 1984 January 3, 1985 January 3, 1991
U.S. Senator Legislature Washington, DC 1990 January 3, 1991 January 3, 1997
U.S. Senator Legislature Washington, DC 1996 January 3, 1997 January 3, 2003
U.S. Senator Legislature Washington, DC 2002 January 3, 2003 January 3, 2009


United States Congressional Service
Dates Congress Chamber Majority President Committees Class/District
1973–1975 93rd U.S. Senator Democratic Richard M. Nixon
Gerald R. Ford 		Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1975–1977 94th U.S. Senator Democratic Gerald R. Ford Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1977–1979 95th U.S. Senator Democratic James E. Carter, Jr. Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1979–1981 96th U.S. Senator Democratic James E. Carter, Jr. Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1981–1983 97th U.S. Senator Republican Ronald W. Reagan Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1983–1985 98th U.S. Senator Republican Ronald W. Reagan Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1985–1987 99th U.S. Senator Republican Ronald W. Reagan Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1987–1989 100th U.S. Senator Democratic Ronald W. Reagan Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1989–1991 101st U.S. Senator Democratic George H. W. Bush Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1991–1993 102nd U.S. Senator Democratic George H. W. Bush Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1993–1995 103rd U.S. Senator Democratic William J. Clinton Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1995–1997 104th U.S. Senator Republican William J. Clinton Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1997–1999 105th U.S. Senator Republican William J. Clinton Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
1999–2001 106th U.S. Senator Republican William J. Clinton Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
2001–2003 107th U.S. Senator Republican
Democratic 		George W. Bush Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
2003–2005 108th U.S. Senator Republican George W. Bush Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
2005–2007 109th U.S. Senator Republican George W. Bush Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2
2007–2009 110th U.S. Senator Democratic George W. Bush Judiciary, Foreign Relations class 2

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Works

  • Administration’s Missile Defense Program and the ABM Treaty: Hearing Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, December 2004) ISBN 0-7567-1959-3
  • Examining The Theft Of American Intellectual Property At Home And Abroad: Hearing before the Committee On Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, May 2004) ISBN 0-7567-4177-7
  • Hearings to Examine Threats, Responses, and Regional Considerations Surrounding Iraq: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, November 2003) ISBN 0-7567-2823-1
  • Strategies for Homeland Defense: A Compilation by the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, September 2003) ISBN 0-7567-2623-9
  • Putin Administration's Policies toward Non-Russian Regions of the Russian Federation: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, September 2003) ISBN 0-7567-2624-7
  • Threat of Bioterrorism and the Spread of Infectious Diseases: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, September 2003) ISBN 0-7567-2625-5
  • How Do We Promote Democratization, Poverty Alleviation, and Human Rights to Build a More Secure Future: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, June 2003) ISBN 0-7567-2478-3
  • Political Future of Afghanistan: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, January 2003) ISBN 0-7567-3039-2
  • International Campaign Against Terrorism: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, January 2003) ISBN 0-7567-3041-4
  • Halting the Spread of HIV/AIDS: Future Efforts in the U.S. Bilateral & Multilateral Response: Hearings before the Comm. on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate edited by Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, 2002) ISBN 0-7567-3454-1
  • Hague Convention On International Child Abduction: Applicable Law And Institutional Framework Within Certain Convention Countries Report To The Senate by Jesse Helms, Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Diane Publishing, April 2000) ISBN 0-7567-2250-0
  • Homeland security law and policy edited by William C. Nicholson with a foreword by Joseph Biden (C. C Thomas, c2005)

Notes

  1. ^ BarackObama.com (2008). Barack Obama campaign site announcing his selection. Retrieved 23 August, 2008.
  2. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7574085.stm
  3. ^ "Ancestry of Joe Biden". wargs.com. Archived from the original.. http://www.wargs.com/political/biden.html. 
  4. ^ a b c d e "Joe Biden Timeline". United States Senate. Archived from the original.. http://biden.senate.gov/senator/timeline/. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  5. ^ "Joe Biden biography". Archived from the original.. http://www.4biden.com/news/joe-biden-biography/. Retrieved on 2008-08-19. 
  6. ^ a b c "Biden, Joseph Robinette, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original.. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000444. Retrieved on 2008-08-19. 
  7. ^ Delaware’s Senators [1] See also: Barone, Michael & Richard E. Cohen. The Almanac of American Politics. pp. p. 376. 
  8. ^ {{cite news|accessdate=2008-08-23 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE5D91E38F930A15751C0A96E948260 |title= The Doctor's World; Subtle Clues Are Often The Only Warnings Of Perilous Aneurysms |author=Altman, Lawrence, M.D. |work=New York Times |date=February 23, 1988
  9. ^ Cooper, Christopher (August 20, 2008). "Biden's Foreign Policy Background Carries Growing Cachet". Wall Street Journal: p. A4. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121919956426355701.html?mod=googlenews_wsj. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  10. ^ Cohen, Celia (2002). Only in Delaware, Politics and Politicians in the First State. Newark, DE: Grapevine Publishing. pp. 199. 
  11. ^ "200 Faces for the Future". TIME. 15 July 1974. Archived from the original.. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,879402-6,00.html. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  12. ^ "Senator Joe Biden — Senator for Delaware: Committees". Archived from the original.. http://biden.senate.gov/committee_work/. 
  13. ^ a b c Barone, Michael & Richard E. Cohen. The Almanac of American Politics. pp. p. 377. 
  14. ^ United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000). Full text, courtesy of Cornell University.
  15. ^ Bash, Dana. Senate votes to allow compensation for terror victims, re-authorizes Violence Against Women Act. CNN. October 11, 2000.
  16. ^ Deal Reached on Violence Against Women Act. Fox News. December 16, 2005.
  17. ^ "History of the Violence Against Women Act". End Abuse. Archived from the original.. http://www.endabuse.org/vawa/display.php?DocID=34005. Retrieved on 2008-08-23.  See also: "Making connections to end Domestic Violence". Microsoft. Archived from the original.. http://www.microsoft.com/issues/essays/2004/05-05violence.mspx. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  18. ^ "Kids 2000 Program". Archived from the original on 2007-12-23. http://web.archive.org/web/20071223064751/http://biden.senate.gov/newsroom/details.cfm?id=229820&&. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  19. ^ "Democratic Presidential Candidates". The Iowa Caucus. Archived from the original.. http://www.theiowacaucus.com/Presidential-Candidate-Profiles.php. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  20. ^ "Biden Renews Call for Release of Libyan Political Prisoner". Archived from the original on 2007-12-23. http://web.archive.org/web/20071223060256/http://biden.senate.gov/newsroom/details.cfm?id=255274. 
  21. ^ Barone, Michael & Richard E. Cohen. The Almanac of American Politics. pp. p. 378. 
  22. ^ "Biden: Iraqi Progress on Oil is Important Step, But More Needs to be Done". Biden's senate website. Archived from the original.. http://biden.senate.gov/press/press_releases/release/?id=45438bed-1350-418d-8353-4781487eef9b. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  23. ^ McCain urged to join Kerry ticket, Reuters MSNBC (May 16, 2004) [2].
  24. ^ Times Online [3]
  25. ^ a b Toner, Robin (August 31, 1987). "Biden, Once the Field's Hot Democrat, Is Being Overtaken by Cooler Rivals". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DEFD6123AF932A0575BC0A961948260. 
  26. ^ "Biden Stumbles at the Starting Gate". Washington Post. Archived from the original.. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/31/AR2007013100404.html. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  27. ^ "A Candidate For Secretary Of State". The New York Observer. June 12, 2007. Archived from the original.. http://www.observer.com/2007/candidate-secretary-state. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  28. ^ "Biden Won't Serve As Secretary of State". FOX News. Thursday, November 29, 2007. Archived from the original.. http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2007Nov29/0,4670,PoliticalPlayoftheDay,00.html. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  29. ^ "Joe is Right". YouTube. Archived from the original.. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbOa989IRYw. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  30. ^ Joelle Farrell. "Concord Monitor - 'A noun, a verb and 9/11'". Archived from the original.. http://www.concordmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071101/NEWS01/711010358/1043/NEWS01. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  31. ^ "Biden: I’d say yes to being VP". CNN. Archived from the original.. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/06/23/biden-id-say-yes-to-being-vp/. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  32. ^ Associated Press (August 23, 2008). "Obama's veep message to supporters". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/23/AR2008082300455.html?hpid%3Dtopnews&sub=AR. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  33. ^ Nagourney, Adam; Jeff Zeleny (August 23, 2008). "Obama Chooses Biden as Running Mate". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/24/us/politics/24biden.html?_r=1&hp=&adxnnl=1&oref=slogin&adxnnlx=1219505031-hzYk7jiw+vYVFI7p+UcPKg. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  34. ^ Cohen, Jon (August 23, 2008). "New Data: Impact of Biden". Washington Post. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/behind-the-numbers/2008/08/new_data_impact_of_biden.html?hpid=topnews. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  35. ^ Murray, Shailagh (August 20, 2008). "Biden's Son Off to Iraq". Washington Post. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/08/20/bidens_son_off_to_iraq.html. Retrieved on 2008-08-23. 
  36. ^ Chris Cillizza (March 1, 2007). "Mirror, Mirror on the Wall - Who's the Most Liberal of Them All?". blog.washingtonpost.com. Archived from the original.. http://blog.washingtonpost.com/thefix/2007/03/mirror_mirror_on_the_wall_whos.html. Retrieved on 2007-08-23. 

References

  • Barone, Michael; Richard E. Cohen (2005). Almanac of American Politics. Washington: National Journal Group. ISBN 0892341122. 
  • Boyer, William W. (2000). Governing Delaware. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 0-87413-721-7. 
  • Cohen, Celia (2002). Only in Delaware, Politics and Politicians in the First State. Newark, DE: Grapevine Publishing. ISBN B0006S3PP8. 
  • Peirce, Neil R.; Michael Barone (1977). Mid-Atlantic States of America. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 0393055418. 

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Preceded by
Jesse Helms (R-NC) 		Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
June 6, 2001–January 3, 2003 		Succeeded by
Dick Lugar (R-IN)
Preceded by
Dick Lugar (R-IN) 		Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
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James M. Tunnell, Jr. 		Democratic Party nominee for United States Senator from Delaware
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