Olivier Besancenot

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For criticism see Criticism of Olivier_Besancenot

Olivier Besancenot (born April 18, 1974) is a French left-wing political figure and was a candidate for the 2007 French presidential election, for the Ligue communiste révolutionnaire (LCR), the French section of the reunified Fourth International. He gained 1.2 million votes, 4.25%, standing as a revolutionary socialist in the 2002 presidential elections.

In the first round of the 2007 presidential election, Besancenot received 4.08% of the vote, placing him fifth and eliminating him from the race.

Contents 1 Biography 2 Portrait 3 Political life 4 Published works 5 References 6 External links and further reading 7 See also

Biography

Olivier Besancenot was born on April 18, 1974 in Levallois-Perret in the Hauts-de-Seine Region, (France). His father, Michel Besancenot, was a teacher and his mother a psychologist at a school.

He studied history at University of Paris X (Nanterre) and continued his studies at University of Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie) for a maîtrise in contemporary history. Since 1997 he has worked as a postal carrier in Neuilly-sur-Seine, a suburb of Paris, and is often dismissed by his right-wing enemies as "The Red Postman."

Portrait

Along with Alain Krivine and Roseline Vachetta, Besancenot is one of three spokespersons for the Ligue communiste révolutionnaire (LCR), a far left political party which is the French section of the reunified Fourth International, an international Trotskyist group.

Besancenot, however, eschews the Trotskyist label:

I'm neither Trotskyist nor Guevarist or Luxemburgist, I'm a revolutionary. And revolution needs to be reinvented, for no revolutionary experiment has ever succeeded. Some of them ended up as bloody caricatures.^[1]

Political life

Besancenot's engagement in left-wing politics started early. He joined the Revolutionary Communist Youth (Jeunesses communistes révolutionnaires) (JCR) in 1988 when he was 14.

When at university studying for his history licence he formed a branch of the Confédération générale du travail trade union in the supermarket, Shopi, where he worked.

In 1991 he joined the LCR. Since 1997 he has been a member of the Sud-PTT trade union. He took a break from his job at the postal services in 1999 and 2000 to serve as a parliamentary attaché to Alain Krivine in the European Parliament.

In 2001 and 2002, he participated in the World Social Forum at Porto Alegre. He gained national prominence when he stood for the 2002 French presidential election. At 28 he was the youngest presidential candidate in the country's history. Standing on a revolutionary socialist platform he gained 1.3 million votes, 4.25% of the total. Among under 25s he gained 13.9 percent, beating Lionel Jospin and Jean-Marie Le Pen.^[2] In the run-up to the second round of voting, Besancenot urged voters to ensure that the far-right Le Pen did not gain power, by re-electing Jacques Chirac, despite his own misgivings about Chirac's political positions.^[3]

Besancenot ran again for the 2007 presidential election. Besancenot slogan throughout the campaign was Nos vies valent plus que leurs profits ("Our lives are worth more than their profits"); and he campaigned for redistribution of wealth, an increase in the minimum wage, prohibition of layoffs for profitable companies, and taxation of profits from capital speculation. He stood for political and electoral independence of the anti-capitalist left from the Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste, PS) and against its participation in a centre-left government. Besancenot was endorsed by British filmmaker Ken Loach, known for depictions of working-class struggles.^[4] His campaign's closing rally, in Paris, was attended by 4,000, the largest meeting organised by the LCR or its predecessors since 1968.^[5] Besancenot gained 1,498,581 votes or 4.08%, around 300,000 votes more than 2002.^[6] He is the first in votes and in dominant position among candidates to the left of the Socialist Party's candidate, Ségolène Royal.^[7] For the second round of the elections, Besancenot, after calling for participation stated that "On 6 May, we will be on the side of those who want to prevent Nicolas Sarkozy from attaining the presidency of the republic. It is not a matter of supporting Ségolène Royal but voting against Nicolas Sarkozy.", fighting the Right in the street as well as at the ballot boxes.^[6] After the victory of Sarkozy in the second round, Besancenot and LCR call for "a united front of all the social and democratic forces [...] to organise a response faced to the extreme neoliberal and repressive programme of Sarkozy."^[8]

This led, in June 2008, to the launching of the New Anticapitalist Party (Nouveau parti anticapitaliste, NPA), intended to unify the parties and movements of the far left.^[9] The party aims to field its first electoral candidates at the 2009 EU parliamentary elections.^[10] Whilst plans were being put in place for the formation of this party, Besancenot was able to capitalize on the infighting occurring in the PS in the summer of 2008, as its members prepared to convene at La Rochelle for their annual party leadership contest. His popularity continued to increase, as he remonstrated the PS for focusing its attention on him, and not the incumbent president, Sarkozy. Besancenot told French TV, a medium in which he found himself in greater demand, that, "It's up to the population to get there [force a revolution] one way or another"; he also told a LCR conference that the left had been failing in its opposition.^[10] One poll showed Besancenot's approval rating to be at 47%, far exceeding two of the main candidates for the PS leadership, Royal (35%) and François Hollande (31%). It was suggested in some media that, were Besancenot and the NPA to convert their popularity into votes (gaining up to a 7 or 8 per cent share), a splintering of the left-wing in France between Marxists and pro-marketeers, similar to that which occurred at the 2002 presidential elections, could happen.^[11][12][13]

Published works

• Tout est à nous (2002), ISBN 2-207-25309-0, Denoël
• Révolution (100 mots pour changer le monde, 2003), ISBN 2-290-33828-1, Flammarion

References

External links and further reading

• "Light on the Left Guides His Comrades Toward France’s Mainstream" article by Steven Erlanger in The New York Times September 12, 2008

See also

• Ligue communiste révolutionnaire (LCR)
• The reunified Fourth International

Template:2007 presidential election candidates, France

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