The upheavals of Twelve warlords

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History of Vietnam
LIFE & LANDS BEFORE BIRTH OF CHRIST
Geologic history 2 billion BC onward
Existence of Gigantopithecus 5 million–100,000 BC
Appearance of Anthropoids 600,000 BC onward
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Hồng Bàng Dynasty 4th m.–258 BC
Thục Dynasty 257–207 BC
Triệu Dynasty 207–111 BC
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First Chinese domination 111 BC–39 AD Thi Sách 39
Trưng Queen 40–43
Second Chinese domination 43–544 Khu Liên 137–138 Chu Ðạt's Insurrection 156–160 Lương Long's Insurrection 178–181 Lady Triệu's Insurrection 248 Triệu Chỉ's Insurrection 299–319 Lương Thạch's Insurrection 319–323 Lý Trường Nhân & Lý Thúc Hiến 468–485
Anterior Lý Dynasty and Triệu Việt Vương 544–602
Third Chinese domination 602–905 Lê Ngọc's Insurrection e. 7th c. Lý Tự Tiên & Ðinh Kiến 687 Mai Hắc Đế 722 Phùng Hưng 791–798 Vương Quý Nguyên's Insurrection 803 Dương Thanh's Insurrection 819–820
Autonomy 905–938 Khúc Family 906–930 Dương Đình Nghệ 931–937 Kiều Công Tiễn 937–938
CONSOLIDATION & TERRITORIAL EXPANSION
Ngô Dynasty 939–965
The upheavals of Twelve warlords 966–968
Đinh Dynasty 968–980
Prior Lê Dynasty 980–1009
Lý Dynasty 1009–1225
Trần Dynasty 1225–1400 Chế Bồng Nga 1360–1390
Hồ Dynasty 1400–1407
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Fourth Chinese domination 1414–1427 Lam Sơn Mutiny 1418–1427
Later Lê Dynasty (Early Lê) 1428–1527
SOUTH–NORTH DYNASTIES & COUNTRY BREAKS UP
Mạc Dynasty 1527–1533
Later Lê Dynasty (Restored Lê) 1533–1788					Mạc Dynasty 1533–1677
Trịnh-Nguyễn War 1627–1673			Trịnh Lords 1545–1787	Nguyễn Lords 1558–1777
Tây Sơn Dynasty 1778–1802
DEATH OF MONARCHY & COMMUNIST TRIUMPH
Nguyễn Dynasty 1802–1945 Western Imperialism 1887–1940 First World War 1914–1918 Second World War 1939–1945 Empire of Vietnam 1945
North-South Separation during the Indochina Wars 1945–1975 North Vietnam 1945–1976 South Vietnam 1949–1976
Socialism from 1976
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The upheavals of Twelve Warlords (Vietnamese: Loạn 12 sứ quân) was a period of chaos and civil war in Vietnam, from 944 to 968 AD.

After Ngô Quyền's death, his brother-in-law Dương Tam Kha usurped the throne, proclaimed himself Dương Bình Vương and ruled from 944 to 950.

In 950, Ngô Xương Văn, the younger son of Ngô Quyền staged a coup against Dương Bình Vương. He crowned as Nam Tấn Vương and sent the envoys to find his older brother, Ngô Xương Ngập, escaped from Dương Court in 944 and hid in the countryside. In 951, Ngô Xương Ngập also crowned as Thiên Sách Vương, and there were two Kings co-ruled Vietnam that period.

From 944, the situation of the Ngô Dynasty had became unstable, many rebellions risen everywhere to claim to the territory. The wars between Ngo and the lords had prolonged almost 20 years. In one of the such battles in 965, Nam Tấn Vương was killed and Ngô Dynasty collapsed, the country was fractioned into 12 regions with 12 warlords ruled.

The war between 12 warlords reached its top in the period of 966-968, leaving the hardship and misery in the life of people. Đinh Bộ Lĩnh, adopted son of Lord Trần Lãm, who ruled the region of Bố Hải Khẩu (now Thái Bình), had succeeded Lãm after his death and suppressed successfully the other 11 warlords in 968, took control over the country. In the same year, Đinh Bộ Lĩnh ascended the throne, proclaimed himself Đinh Tiên Hòang Đế (The First Emperor of the Đinh Dynasty) and named the country Đại Cồ Việt, settled the Capital at Hoa Lư (now Ninh Bình).

References

• Adapted from the Wikipedia article, "The 12 Lords Rebellion" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_12_Lords_Rebellion May 17, 2008